The unexpected interest rate cut by China's central bank helps address a range of challenges.

China lowered its benchmark lending rates in its monthly pricing on Monday, following an unexpected cut in a key short-term policy rate by the central bank earlier in the day, drawing market attention.

Specifically, the one-year Loan Prime Rate (LPR) was reduced by 10 basis points to 3.35% from the previous 3.45%, while the five-year LPR was also cut by 10 basis points, from 3.95% to 3.85%. This adjustment aims to stimulate economic growth by reducing financing costs for businesses and consumers.

According to a Reuters survey conducted last week among 36 market participants, 23 of them (accounting for 64% of the total) expected these two rates to remain unchanged. The rate cut surprised most market participants, reflecting the government's concerns about the current economic situation and its determination to support the economy.

In China, the Loan Prime Rate (LPR) serves as the reference rate for commercial banks when providing loans to their prime customers. The one-year LPR mainly affects the rates for corporate loans and other short-term loans, while the five-year LPR directly influences the pricing of mortgage loans. Most new and outstanding loans are based on the one-year LPR, meaning that this rate cut will widely benefit businesses and consumers.

The central bank's rate cut comes against the backdrop of several challenges facing China's economy, including declining exports, a sluggish real estate market, and insufficient domestic demand. By lowering interest rates, the government hopes to boost investment and consumption, driving economic recovery.

Additionally, the rate cut helps alleviate the financial pressures on businesses, especially small and medium-sized enterprises, which typically face higher financing costs. For consumers, the lower mortgage rates will ease the repayment burden for homebuyers, potentially further stimulating demand in the real estate market.